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14.07.2008
71, 97, 887, 920, 931, 2182, 2204
HRSC Press Release #397 - Echus Chasma (orbit
71, 97, 887, 920, 931, 2182, 2204)
]')) Perspektive #7 |
On 25 September 2005 the High-Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC), under the leadership of the Principal Investigator Prof. Dr. Gerhard Neukum of Freie Universitaet Berlin, onboard the ESA spacecraft Mars Express obtained image data in orbit 2182 with a ground resolution of approximately 17 meters per pixel. The data were acquired in the region of Echus Chasma at approximately 1° northern latitude and 278° eastern longitude.
]')) Farbkodiertes Höhenmodell |
Echus Chasma is the headwater region of Kasei Valles. It constitutes the southern-most part of Kasei Valles which extend thousands of kilometers northward. It is bounded to the west by the Echus Chasma plateau lying about 4 kilometers above the Echus Chasma floor. On the plateau are deeply incised valleys which connect to the Echus Chasma valley.
]')) Kontextkarte |
The image exhibits up to 10 kilometers long and 1000 meters deep valleys on the Echus Chasma Plateau (1) and the main valley, Kasei Valles, which is up to 4 kilometers deep. The smaller valleys are so-called “sapping canyons” which originate from discharging groundwater. The groundwater removes material from underneath the surface which relocates the spring line further upstream. The so-called “box canyon” will be carved further and further uphill into the surface.
]')) Lagekarte der beschriebenen geologischen Strukturen |
]')) Nadiraufnahme #1 |
One possible indication for volcanic activity in the past might be a sickle-shaped, about 25 kilometers long dyke in the image center (2). Dykes are rock formations of volcanic origin. Magma rises up through fissures in the overlaying rock or even penetrates existing rock layers. The magmatic rock is usually quite resistant to weathering and is able to endure erosion.
]')) RGB Farbbild #1 |
Two impact craters with a diameter of approximately 8 Kilometers are located south-east of the dike (3). The eastern crater was partly eroded in the course of the valley formation. A large portion of the crater collapsed into the valley and its debris was removed.
]')) Perspektive #1 |
The dark material, most likely volcanic ash, on the Echus Chasma Plateau shows a network of light-colored, shallowly incised valleys (4). They appear similar to drainage networks known on Earth. It is still debated whether they originate from precipitation and surface discharge or from groundwater discharge.
]')) Perspektive #2 |
An impressive, up to 4000 meters high cliff marks the edge of the head area of Kasei Valles in the western part of the area (5). Gigantic water falls once plunged over these cliffs to the valley floor. The original shore line is still partly visible. The remarkably even valley floor was later flooded by basaltic lava.
]')) Perspektive #6 |
Image data acquired in orbits 71, 97, 887, 920, 931, 2182 and 2204 was used for the compilation of the feature map, the colour-coded elevation model and other images presented in this release. The mosaic was compiled at the Freie Universität Berlin.
]')) Perspektive #3 |
]')) Perspektive #4 |
]')) Perspektive #5 |
]')) Rot-Cyan Anaglyphe #1 |
Download
hochaufgelöste Bilddaten / high resolution image data
| Kontextkarte: |
| Farbkodiertes Höhenmodell: |
| Lagekarte der beschriebenen geologischen Strukturen: |
| Nadiraufnahme #1: |
| RGB Farbbild #1: |
| Rot-Cyan Anaglyphe #1: |
| Perspektive #1: |
| Perspektive #2: |
| Perspektive #3: |
| Perspektive #4: |
| Perspektive #5: |
| Perspektive #6: |
| Perspektive #7: |
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Institut für Planetenforschung, Planetengeologie Berlin
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